WINDOWS2016故障转移群集(图文教程)

王子 · 2022-10-19 15:05:07

WIN2016故障转移群集
准备工作：

主机名	IP	域名
WINA	192.168.0.24	WINA.NET
WINB	192.168.0.25	WINB.NET
WINC	192.168.0.26	WINC.NET

所有主机配置主机信息修改好主机名IP DNS为本机IP （以单台主机A为例）

互相ping测试连通性（以单台主机A为例）

所有主机安装角色功能 DNS和故障转移群集（以单台主机A为例）

所有主机配置DNS解析记录并测试解析
新建正向查找区域NET

新建反向查找区域

新建正向查找区域记录默认已生成本机记录

新建反向查找记录（我们新建正向记录勾选了PTR指针默认已经新建了B/C主机的反向记录）现在只需新建一条本机的PTR记录

测试解析

A主机配置故障转移群集 B/C主机连接到群集指定虚拟IP192.168.0.88
主机A创建群集TEST

主机B/C连接到群集TEST
主机B（192.168.0.25）

查看群集当前在用主机为哪台（网卡应有88IP）

所有主机安装IIS 80端口为默认网页访问测试

关闭掉在用主机(网卡有88的主机同时只会有一台) 查看在用主机被选为了哪台 192.168.0.88:80是否还可以打开（使用网络中其他主机来打开网页）
关闭掉A主机后 B主机拥有了88IP 网页依然可以打开

继续关闭B主机

此时C主机拥有了88IP  网页依然可以打开
参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/demonson/article/details/81708809
注：
经后期测试建议不要将群集所有主机全部宕机否则会出现问题
进阶：
以上内容为群集搭建及群集中某主机宕机后恢复业务的情况
下面记录一种主机没有宕机 IIS站点挂掉无法提供服务的情况
新建文本文档修改为IIS.vbs  内容如下（虚线内内容）  注意修改网站和应用程序池名称(默认无需修改)

'<begin script sample>
'This script provides high availability for IIS websites
'By default, it monitors the "Default Web Site" and "DefaultAppPool"
'To monitor another web site, change the SITE_NAME below
'To monitor another application pool, change the APP_POOL_NAME below
'More thorough and application-specific health monitoring logic can be added to the script if needed
Option Explicit
DIM SITE_NAME
DIM APP_POOL_NAME
Dim START_WEB_SITE
Dim START_APP_POOL
Dim SITES_SECTION_NAME
Dim APPLICATION_POOLS_SECTION_NAME
Dim CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT
Dim STOP_WEB_SITE
'Note:
'Replace this with the site and application pool you want to configure high availability for
'Make sure that the same web site and application pool in the script exist on all cluster nodes. Note that the names are case-sensitive.
SITE_NAME = "Default Web Site" '网站名称
APP_POOL_NAME = "DefaultAppPool" '应用程序池名
START_WEB_SITE = 0
START_APP_POOL = 0
STOP_WEB_SITE = 1
SITES_SECTION_NAME = "system.applicationHost/sites"
APPLICATION_POOLS_SECTION_NAME = "system.applicationHost/applicationPools"
CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT = "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST"
'Helper script functions
'Find the index of the website on this node
Function FindSiteIndex(collection, siteName)
Dim i
FindSiteIndex = -1
For i = 0 To (CInt(collection.Count) - 1)
If collection.Item(i).GetPropertyByName("name").Value = siteName Then
FindSiteIndex = i
Exit For
End If
Next
End Function
'Find the index of the application pool on this node
Function FindAppPoolIndex(collection, appPoolName)
Dim i
FindAppPoolIndex = -1
For i = 0 To (CInt(collection.Count) - 1)
If collection.Item(i).GetPropertyByName("name").Value = appPoolName Then
FindAppPoolIndex = i
Exit For
End If
Next
End Function
'Get the state of the website
Function GetWebSiteState(adminManager, siteName)
Dim sitesSection, sitesSectionCollection, siteSection, index, siteMethods, startMethod, executeMethod
Set sitesSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection(SITES_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)
Set sitesSectionCollection = sitesSection.Collection
index = FindSiteIndex(sitesSectionCollection, siteName)
If index = -1 Then
GetWebSiteState = -1
End If
Set siteSection = sitesSectionCollection(index)
GetWebSiteState = siteSection.GetPropertyByName("state").Value
End Function
'Get the state of the ApplicationPool
Function GetAppPoolState(adminManager, appPool)
Dim configSection, index, appPoolState
set configSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection(APPLICATION_POOLS_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)
index = FindAppPoolIndex(configSection.Collection, appPool)
If index = -1 Then
GetAppPoolState = -1
End If
GetAppPoolState = configSection.Collection.Item(index).GetPropertyByName("state").Value
End Function
'Start the w3svc service on this node
Function StartW3SVC()
Dim objWmiProvider
Dim objService
Dim strServiceState
Dim response
'Check to see if the service is running
set objWmiProvider = GetObject("winmgmts:/root/cimv2")
set objService = objWmiProvider.get("win32_service='w3svc'")
strServiceState = objService.state
If ucase(strServiceState) = "RUNNING" Then
StartW3SVC = True
Else
'If the service is not running, try to start it
response = objService.StartService()
'response = 0 or 10 indicates that the request to start was accepted
If ( response <> 0 ) and ( response <> 10 ) Then
StartW3SVC = False
Else
StartW3SVC = True
End If
End If
End Function
'Start the application pool for the website
Function StartAppPool()
Dim ahwriter, appPoolsSection, appPoolsCollection, index, appPool, appPoolMethods, startMethod, callStartMethod
Set ahwriter = CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")
Set appPoolsSection = ahwriter.GetAdminSection(APPLICATION_POOLS_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)
Set appPoolsCollection = appPoolsSection.Collection
index = FindAppPoolIndex(appPoolsCollection, APP_POOL_NAME)
Set appPool = appPoolsCollection.Item(index)
'See if it is already started
If appPool.GetPropertyByName("state").Value = 1 Then
StartAppPool = True
Exit Function
End If
'Try To start the application pool
Set appPoolMethods = appPool.Methods
Set startMethod = appPoolMethods.Item(START_APP_POOL)
Set callStartMethod = startMethod.CreateInstance()
callStartMethod.Execute()
'If started return true, otherwise return false
If appPool.GetPropertyByName("state").Value = 1 Then
StartAppPool = True
Else
StartAppPool = False
End If
End Function
'Start the website
Function StartWebSite()
Dim ahwriter, sitesSection, sitesSectionCollection, siteSection, index, siteMethods, startMethod, executeMethod
Set ahwriter = CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")
Set sitesSection = ahwriter.GetAdminSection(SITES_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)
Set sitesSectionCollection = sitesSection.Collection
index = FindSiteIndex(sitesSectionCollection, SITE_NAME)
Set siteSection = sitesSectionCollection(index)
if siteSection.GetPropertyByName("state").Value = 1 Then
'Site is already started
StartWebSite = True
Exit Function
End If
'Try to start site
Set siteMethods = siteSection.Methods
Set startMethod = siteMethods.Item(START_WEB_SITE)
Set executeMethod = startMethod.CreateInstance()
executeMethod.Execute()
'Check to see if the site started, if not return false
If siteSection.GetPropertyByName("state").Value = 1 Then
StartWebSite = True
Else
StartWebSite = False
End If
End Function
'Stop the website
Function StopWebSite()
Dim ahwriter, sitesSection, sitesSectionCollection, siteSection, index, siteMethods, startMethod, executeMethod, autoStartProperty
Set ahwriter = CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")
Set sitesSection = ahwriter.GetAdminSection(SITES_SECTION_NAME, CONFIG_APPHOST_ROOT)
Set sitesSectionCollection = sitesSection.Collection
index = FindSiteIndex(sitesSectionCollection, SITE_NAME)
Set siteSection = sitesSectionCollection(index)
'Stop the site
Set siteMethods = siteSection.Methods
Set startMethod = siteMethods.Item(STOP_WEB_SITE)
Set executeMethod = startMethod.CreateInstance()
executeMethod.Execute()
End Function
'Cluster resource entry points. More details here:
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa372846(VS.85).aspx
'Cluster resource Online entry point
'Make sure the website and the application pool are started
Function Online( )
Dim bOnline
'Make sure w3svc is started
bOnline = StartW3SVC()
If bOnline <> True Then
Resource.LogInformation "The resource failed to come online because w3svc could not be started."
Online = False
Exit Function
End If
'Make sure the application pool is started
bOnline = StartAppPool()
If bOnline <> True Then
Resource.LogInformation "The resource failed to come online because the application pool could not be started."
Online = False
Exit Function
End If
'Make sure the website is started
bOnline = StartWebSite()
If bOnline <> True Then
Resource.LogInformation "The resource failed to come online because the web site could not be started."
Online = False
Exit Function
End If
Online = true
End Function
'Cluster resource offline entry point
'Stop the website
Function Offline( )
StopWebSite()
Offline = true
End Function
'Cluster resource LooksAlive entry point
'Check for the health of the website and the application pool
Function LooksAlive( )
Dim adminManager, appPoolState, configSection, i, appPoolName, appPool, index
i = 0
Set adminManager = CreateObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.AdminManager")
appPoolState = -1
'Get the state of the website
if GetWebSiteState(adminManager, SITE_NAME) <> 1 Then
Resource.LogInformation "The resource failed because the " & SITE_NAME & " web site is not started."
LooksAlive = false
Exit Function
End If
'Get the state of the Application Pool
if GetAppPoolState(adminManager, APP_POOL_NAME) <> 1 Then
Resource.LogInformation "The resource failed because Application Pool " & APP_POOL_NAME & " is not started."
LooksAlive = false
Exit Function
end if
' Web site and Application Pool state are valid return true
LooksAlive = true
End Function
'Cluster resource IsAlive entry point
'Do the same health checks as LooksAlive
'If a more thorough than what we do in LooksAlive is required, this should be performed here
Function IsAlive()
IsAlive = LooksAlive
End Function
'Cluster resource Open entry point
Function Open()
Open = true
End Function
'Cluster resource Close entry point
Function Close()
Close = true
End Function
'Cluster resource Terminate entry point
Function Terminate()
Terminate = true
End Function
'<end script sample>

复制代码

将文件复制到所有群集主机的相同目录下如：C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv主机A打开故障转移群集管理器连接到群集TEST

配置IIS故障转移

此时我们在群集下角色列表里可以看到IIS故障转移群集角色

查看一下WINC（192.168.0.26）主机的网卡情况

测试访问http://192.168.0.99 -------- 可以打开

现在我们模拟WINC主机IIS网页服务挂掉/端口无法访问打开WINC主机IIS管理器展开网页停止默认网站

再次打开浏览器打开http://192.168.0.99 ----- 依然可以打开

主机A上查看群集角色已经自动切换到WINB提供web服务

查看WINB主机网卡信息 99IP已自动切换到WINB 我们打开的是WINB的网页

同理我们关闭WINB的IIS网站 99又会切换到WINA 访问依然不受影响

至此我们实现了主机在非宕机情况下 IIS站点挂掉后切换主机提供服务的情况
注：
1、本测试中99IP对应的不是整个IIS服务只是一个站点（默认站点）
2、用户上传的附件需要一个群集共用的存储介质目前还未解决待完善
参考：
https://www.cnblogs.com/alanlau/archive/2011/08/25/2153472.html
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[Win服务器] WINDOWS2016故障转移群集(图文教程)

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