目录
MyBatis的插件机制
InterceptorChainMyBatis中的Plugin
MyBatis插件开发总结
MyBatis的插件机制
MyBatis 允许在已映射语句执行过程中的某一点进行拦截调用。默认情况下,MyBatis 允许使用插件来拦截的方法调用包括:
Executor(update, query, flushStatements, commit, rollback, getTransaction, close, isClosed)ParameterHandler(getParameterObject, setParameters)ResultSetHandler(handleResultSets, handleOutputParameters)StatementHandler(prepare, parameterize, batch, update, query)
这里我们再回顾一下,在创建StatementHandler时,我们看到了如下代码: - public StatementHandler newStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
- StatementHandler statementHandler = new RoutingStatementHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
- statementHandler = (StatementHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(statementHandler);
- return statementHandler;
- }
复制代码 InterceptorChain
在全局配置Configuration中维护了一个InterceptorChain interceptorChain = new InterceptorChain()拦截器链,其内部维护了一个私有常量List<Interceptor> interceptors,其pluginAll方法为遍历interceptors并调用每个拦截器的plugin方法。 - public class InterceptorChain {
- private final List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<Interceptor>();
- public Object pluginAll(Object target) {
- for (Interceptor interceptor : interceptors) {
- target = interceptor.plugin(target);
- }
- return target;
- }
- //添加拦截器到链表中
- public void addInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) {
- interceptors.add(interceptor);
- }
- //获取链表中的拦截器,返回一个不可修改的列表
- public List<Interceptor> getInterceptors() {
- return Collections.unmodifiableList(interceptors);
- }
- }
复制代码MyBatis中拦截器接口 - package org.apache.ibatis.plugin;
- import java.util.Properties;
- public interface Interceptor {
- //拦截处理,也就是代理对象目标方法执行前被处理
- Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable;
- //生成代理对象
- Object plugin(Object target);
- //设置属性
- void setProperties(Properties properties);
- }
复制代码如果想自定义插件,那么就需要实现该接口。
MyBatis中的Invocation - package org.apache.ibatis.plugin;
- import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
- import java.lang.reflect.Method;
- public class Invocation {
- //目标对象
- private final Object target;
- //目标对象的方法
- private final Method method;
- //方法参数
- private final Object[] args;
- public Invocation(Object target, Method method, Object[] args) {
- this.target = target;
- this.method = method;
- this.args = args;
- }
- public Object getTarget() { return target;}
- public Method getMethod() {return method;}
- public Object[] getArgs() {return args;}
- //proceed-继续,也就是说流程继续往下执行,这里看方法就是目标方法反射调用。
- public Object proceed() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
- return method.invoke(target, args);
- }
- }
复制代码 MyBatis中的Plugin
- package org.apache.ibatis.plugin;
- import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
- import java.lang.reflect.Method;
- import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.HashSet;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.Set;
- import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.ExceptionUtil;
- public class Plugin implements InvocationHandler {
- //目标对象 ,被代理的对象
- private final Object target;
- //拦截器
- private final Interceptor interceptor;
- //方法签名集合
- private final Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap;
- private Plugin(Object target, Interceptor interceptor, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) {
- this.target = target;
- this.interceptor = interceptor;
- this.signatureMap = signatureMap;
- }
- //该方法会获取signatureMap中包含的所有target实现的接口,然后生成代理对象
- public static Object wrap(Object target, Interceptor interceptor) {
- Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = getSignatureMap(interceptor);
- Class<?> type = target.getClass();
- Class<?>[] interfaces = getAllInterfaces(type, signatureMap);
- if (interfaces.length > 0) {
- return Proxy.newProxyInstance(
- type.getClassLoader(),
- interfaces,
- new Plugin(target, interceptor, signatureMap));
- }
- return target;
- }
- //每一个InvocationHandler 的invoke方法会在代理对象的目标方法执行前被触发
- @Override
- public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
- try {
- Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(method.getDeclaringClass());
- if (methods != null && methods.contains(method)) {
- return interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args));
- }
- return method.invoke(target, args);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(e);
- }
- }
- //获取拦截器感兴趣的接口与方法
- private static Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> getSignatureMap(Interceptor interceptor) {
- Intercepts interceptsAnnotation = interceptor.getClass().getAnnotation(Intercepts.class);
- // issue #251
- if (interceptsAnnotation == null) {
- throw new PluginException("No @Intercepts annotation was found in interceptor " + interceptor.getClass().getName());
- }
- Signature[] sigs = interceptsAnnotation.value();
- Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = new HashMap<>();
- for (Signature sig : sigs) {
- Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.computeIfAbsent(sig.type(), k -> new HashSet<>());
- try {
- Method method = sig.type().getMethod(sig.method(), sig.args());
- methods.add(method);
- } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
- throw new PluginException("Could not find method on " + sig.type() + " named " + sig.method() + ". Cause: " + e, e);
- }
- }
- return signatureMap;
- }
- //该方法会获取signatureMap中包含的所有type实现的接口与上级接口
- private static Class<?>[] getAllInterfaces(Class<?> type, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) {
- Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new HashSet<>();
- while (type != null) {
- for (Class<?> c : type.getInterfaces()) {
- if (signatureMap.containsKey(c)) {
- interfaces.add(c);
- }
- }
- type = type.getSuperclass();
- }
- return interfaces.toArray(new Class<?>[interfaces.size()]);
- }
- }
复制代码这里Plugin实现了InvocationHandler,那么其invoke方法会在代理对象的目标方法执行前被触发。其invoke方法解释如下:
① 获取当前Plugin感兴趣的方法类型,判断目标方法Method是否被包含;② 如果当前目标方法是Plugin感兴趣的,那么就interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args));触发拦截器的intercept方法;③ 如果当前目标方法不是Plugin感兴趣的,直接执行目标方法。
上面说Plugin感兴趣其实是指内部的interceptor感兴趣。
MyBatis插件开发
如下所示,编写插件实现Interceptor接口,并使用@Intercepts注解完成插件签名。 - package com.mybatis.dao;
- import java.util.Properties;
- import org.apache.ibatis.executor.parameter.ParameterHandler;
- import org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.StatementHandler;
- import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Interceptor;
- import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Intercepts;
- import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Invocation;
- import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin;
- import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Signature;
- import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject;
- import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.SystemMetaObject;
- /**
- * 完成插件签名:告诉MyBatis当前插件用来拦截哪个对象的哪个方法
- */
- @Intercepts({@Signature(type=StatementHandler.class,method="parameterize",args=java.sql.Statement.class)})
- public class MyFirstPlugin implements Interceptor{
- @Override
- public Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- System.out.println("MyFirstPlugin...intercept:"+invocation.getMethod());
- Object target = invocation.getTarget();
- System.out.println("当前拦截到的对象:"+target);
- //拿到:StatementHandler==>ParameterHandler===>parameterObject
- //拿到target的元数据
- MetaObject metaObject = SystemMetaObject.forObject(target);
- Object value = metaObject.getValue("parameterHandler.parameterObject");
- System.out.println("sql语句用的参数是:"+value);
- //修改完sql语句要用的参数
- metaObject.setValue("parameterHandler.parameterObject", 11);
- //执行目标方法
- Object proceed = invocation.proceed();
- //返回执行后的返回值
- return proceed;
- }
- //plugin:包装目标对象的:包装:为目标对象创建一个代理对象
- @Override
- public Object plugin(Object target) {
- //我们可以借助Plugin的wrap方法来使用当前Interceptor包装我们目标对象
- System.out.println("MyFirstPlugin...plugin:mybatis将要包装的对象"+target);
- Object wrap = Plugin.wrap(target, this);
- //返回为当前target创建的动态代理
- return wrap;
- }
- //setProperties:将插件注册时 的property属性设置进来
- @Override
- public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- System.out.println("插件配置的信息:"+properties);
- }
- }
复制代码注册到mybatis的全局配置文件中,示例如下(注意,插件是可以设置属性的如这里我们可以设置用户名、密码):
<plugins>
<plugin interceptor="com.mybatis.dao.MyFirstPlugin">
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</plugin>
</plugins>
那么mybatis在执行过程中实例化Executor、ParameterHandler、ResultSetHandler和StatementHandler时都会触发上面我们自定义插件的plugin方法。
如果有多个插件,那么拦截器链包装的时候会从前到后,执行的时候会从后到前。如这里生成的StatementHandler代理对象如下:
总结
按照插件注解声明,按照插件配置顺序调用插件plugin方法,生成被拦截对象的动态代理;多个插件依次生成目标对象的代理对象,层层包裹,先声明的先包裹,形成代理链;目标方法执行时依次从外到内执行插件的intercept方法。多个插件情况下,我们往往需要在某个插件中分离出目标对象。可以借助MyBatis提供的SystemMetaObject类来进行获取最后一层的h以及target属性的值
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